School Uniforms Essays - 684 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Schools today arent in the best condition. There is teasing, violence, discrimination, cliques, and poverty. There is much to say about how having mandatory school uniforms will help these problems. My question is, will uniforms help these problems enough to dismiss the hurt that they would cause? I say the uniforms do little to help. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Having uniforms would stop the teasing and discrimination about clothing, but there is more to tease or discriminate someone about rather than just clothing. Such as hygiene, looks, personality, intelligence, race, and the list goes on. So unless people somehow find a way to be perfect in everyones opinion, teasing and discrimination wont stop.†¦show more content†¦not because you shop at the same stores. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Wearing the same thing as someone else would hardly help the poverty issue. It doesnt change the fact that you are poor. It just masks the fact that you cant afford new clothes but there are other, less noticeable signs of poverty like never having lunch money, or at the high school level, your car could be a sign. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In my survey of Douglas High School students and teachers, the percentage of people that wanted school uniforms was about the same as the percentage who were against them; but the people who wanted school uniforms didnt have very good reasons of why they wanted them and they didnt seem to have thought about what uniforms were capable of. One student surveyed answered the question, quot;what are some advantages of wearing school uniforms?quot; by saying, quot;You dont get judged! No stereotypes!quot; . Another answered the same question by saying, quot;Uniforms look cool! And you dont have to worry about what to wear the next day.quot; . Both of these students answered the question about the disadvantages of having school uniforms by saying there are no disadvantages. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The anti-uniform students seemed to have thought more and were able to give extra comments and answer questions keeping in mindShow MoreRelatedSchool Uniforms And Schools Uniforms1211 Words   |  5 PagesSchool uniforms began their revolution in private schools; they represented a unique appearance, and provided a safe environment for the students attending. Private and Catholic schools were clever enough for implementing school uniforms, because without their influence public schools would have not adapted on creating a dress code for students. By introducing school uniforms in school policies they have managed to impact students learning environment in reducing stress, changing students’ behaviorRead MoreUniforms in School726 Words   |  3 PagesThe standard issue school uniform of khaki, navy and white once exclusive to the private parochial institutions is becoming a common requirement in public schools across the nation. This trend that was f irst suggested for public schools in 1980 by then D. C. mayor, Marion Barry, to help diminish the social stigma of low income students has grown significantly in both numbers and reasons (Lawrence, 2013). In 2010, it was reported by the National Center for Education Statistics, that nearly 19% ofRead MoreSchools and Uniforms733 Words   |  3 PagesSchool Uniforms Uniforms in schools are a big debate around the world. Should we have uniforms in schools? The answer is yes because uniform help the schools. They bring to table a great deal of help because students are getting bullied, killed, and some may not have as much as other when shopping for clothes. Having uniforms bring safety to schools and what goes on after school. Why do we need uniforms? Most student have their own style, but a common argument against school uniforms is thatRead MoreSchool Uniform And School Uniforms937 Words   |  4 PagesSchool Uniform School uniforms keep students focused on their education not in their clothings. When all students are wearing the same outfit, they are less concerned about how they look and how they fit in with their peers. It’s easier for parent and students do not spend time choosing appropriate outfit for school day. It helps students can only concentrate on their schoolwork. Education is one of the big institutions for every kid that go to school. Also education is the roots that will help peopleRead MoreSchool Uniforms And Schools Uniforms819 Words   |  4 Pagesas school uniforms, many are quick to deem them as unjust and avoidable. What these individuals do not know is that, in fact, school uniforms would enhance how the learning environment functions. Surely, when schools provide their students with uniforms, they are not providing their students with dreadful apparel, they are providing their students with an opportunity to change; whether it be a chance for a student to change t heir role academically, or a chance for a student to fit in. School uniformsRead MoreSchool Uniforms1143 Words   |  5 PagesSchool uniforms make things more complicated Firstly, school is the place where all of us step in at a very tender age. In one word, life begins at school. It’s not just education but school gives us the platform to nurture our faith, emotions in such an early stage of life. The importance of making friends, working as a team- we learn all these in school. And wearing the same dress definitely brings a sense of unity among students. In every school there are students from different backgrounds butRead MoreSchool Uniforms: Yes or No?2109 Words   |  9 Pages3 March 2011 School Uniforms: A Non-Military Proposal for Swedens Students The word school uniform has negative connotations for many people. It makes them think of war, of soldier, of death, brainwashed airheads doing exactly the same as everybody else. It makes them think of reformed, collectivized groups of people with no personal identity. There are, however, reasons for the existence of the uniform; one of them being, as the name suggests, the purpose of uniting. At schools all around theRead MoreDress Codes And School Uniforms1248 Words   |  5 Pagesembarrassing than being dress coded at school? Enforcing a dress code among children is unfair because it not only discriminates against people but it destroys someone’s whole day. Dress codes and school uniforms are meant to increase student achievement and make everyone equal but instead it only hurts people. Most school dress codes are unnecessary and are sexist. Enforcing dress codes is suppose to boost student achievement but instead is racist, sexist and unnecessary. Schools should take in to considerationRead MoreShould School Uniforms For Wear Uniforms?969 Words   |  4 Pagesrequired to wear uniforms? In today’s society this is a very controversial subject across America. Many object uniforms because they feel uniforms don t allow students to have the freedom to express themselves the way they want. People feel uniforms undermine children s individuality. However, taking into consideration facts from both sides, what remains most important is the child s academics. To improve academics, schools should require all students to wear a uniform. Though uniforms may not be theRead MoreAre School Uniforms Beneficial Or Not?1098 Words   |  5 PagesAre School Uniforms Beneficial or Not? How does dressing and feeling the same as everybody else sound? Would it be enjoyable, or would it be no fun? According to Procon.org, the first recorded use of school uniforms in the United States was in 1994. In Europe around the early sixteenth century, school uniforms were made to tell the difference between poor students to the charity schools as opposed to other children. In London people thought that schools without uniforms were to be looked at as lower

Rheumatoid Arthritis The Problem Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(316) " may even interfere with their day-to-day activities, limit their occupation chances or interrupt the joy and duties of household life as the quotation mark below suggested: \( 13 \) The people with arthritic arthritis \( RA \) have been described as a ‘tightrope between freedom and a life sentence ‘ \." Rheumatoid arthritis is an ague, systemic inflammatory upset that causes chronic redness of the articulations. It is besides known as an autoimmune disease, the status such that the organic structure ‘s immune response sends out incorrect signals to assail the organic structure itself. It may impact other variety meats like eyes and lungs every bit good. We will write a custom essay sample on Rheumatoid Arthritis The Problem Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It progresses in three phases. ( 1 ) The first phase is the puffiness of the joint ; the 2nd phase is the rapid division and growing of cells which causes synovial membrane to be thickened and the last phase is the loss of motion. Figure 1: Normal joint vs. articulation affected by Rheumatoid Arthritis The loss of motion is caused by the enzymes that released by the inflamed cells that may digest the bone and gristle causes the involved articulation to lose its alliance and form. ( 2 ) The swelling in the articulations of the custodies and carpuss is normally the first symptom to be noticed. ( 3 ) Figure 2: Joint malformations caused by rheumatoid arthritis hypertext transfer protocol: //www.google.com.sg/imgres? imgurl Until now, the cause of the disease is still an unknown. However, there are scientists who believe that the immune system, gender, familial and infection may be the factors of the disease. ( 4 ) . Prevalence is more common in adult females than in work forces in the ratio of 3:1. Figure 3: Arthritis / Rheumatism prevalence: by age and sex, GB, 2003. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp? id=1331 ) Temporary, there is no remedy for this disease. So, what are the current interventions that are available to relieve the symptoms of this disease? I will discourse about them in this study. A Possible Solution Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs ( DMARDs ) DMARDs are a combination of drugs normally used to handle patients with arthritic arthritis. They interfere with the devising or working of immune cells that cause joint redness. ( 5 ) By and large, biological DMARDs are non used in combination with other biological DMARDs because several of these combinations have shown increased toxicity. There are besides some agents that are synthesised through familial technology such as tumour mortification factor alpha ( TNF I ± ) blockers and Interleukin 1 ( IL-1 ) blockers. ( 6 ) The consequence is different and may be more delayed in oncoming than other medicines which are why sometimes they are called slow moving anti-rheumatic drugs ( SAARDs ) . So, I think it is rather of import to get down DMARD agents every bit early as possible one time RA has been diagnosed and confirmed. ( 7 ) DMARDs could be one of the possible solutions because there are a batch of beginnings saying that its early usage is effectual in alleviating the symptoms a s the quotation mark shown: ( 8 ) Surveies have shown that early debut of these drugs may be good, with betterment in hurting, joint tonss, and disablement. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.arthritis.co.za/dmard.html ) In malice of its effectivity, there are several factors need to be considered included phase and badness of the joint status, the balance between possible side effects and benefits, and patient penchant ( 9 ) while doing the pick of which DMARDs drugs need to be taken. From my point of position, the patients need to seek a assortment of combinations of drugs to cognize that which combination give themselves the best consequence and the lowest hazard of side consequence with the aid of rheumatologist. Sometimes, merely one DMARD is used. However, there are many beginnings demoing that combination of DMARDs works better for the patients as the quotation mark and table below shown: Current grounds suggests that combinations of DMARDs are more effectual, and likely less toxic, than monotherapy. ( http: //www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Disease-Modifying-Antirheumatic-Drugs- ( DMARDs ) .htm ) Figure 7: Comparison of combination therapy with individual drug therapy in early RA ( hypertext transfer protocol: //images.google.com.sg/imgres? imgurl=http: // ) From Figure 7, the consequences shown that the combination of drugs was approximately two times more effectual than the individual drug therapy for those who got remittal after one twelvemonth and two old ages of the intervention. Even though DMARDs plays a critical function in arthritis intervention, nevertheless, some of them are used more common than the others. For illustration, amethopterin ( MTX ) is the most normally used DMARD due to its higher efficaciousness but lower toxicity. ( 10 ) Figure 2: The construction of the metrothexate ( hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methotrexate ) Metrothexate ( MTX ) , acts by suppressing an enzyme involved in the metamorphosis of folic acid, dihydrofolate reductase ( DHFR ) which is involved in the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate. They act by changing the organic structure ‘s usage of folic acid, which is a sort of vitamin and is needed for cell growing. Higher affinity of MTX to DHFR inhibits the transition of dihydrofolate to the active tetrahydrofolate, which means the synthesis of DNA, RNA and proteins are inhibited. It is to believe that this intervention with folic acid makes methotrexate benefit in arthritic arthritis as it inhibits the proliferation of the inflammatory cells in the articulation of the patient. Etanercept aims to command the redness and to retard the patterned advance of terrible RA as good but it is for RA patients which non wholly antiphonal to other drugs. It works by barricading the receptor for TNF-alpha. However, for most RA patients, amethopterin ( MTX ) is now considered the most first line DMARD agent. It is even more effectual when used in combination with other drugs such as Infliximab or Etanercept. ( 11 ) Social A ; Economic Deductions Based on a research by Dickens and Creed in 2001, the people with RA are twice every bit likely to endure from depression. ( 12 ) Sometimes, they get upset because they merely do non experience the betterment in their organic structures even though they have taken the medical specialty prescribed. In my sentiment, their household members have to be supportive and be able to give them audiences when they need it. An probe in 1993 even found out that some patients need to take 5 old ages for themselves to accommodate to their status. In some instances, the disease may even interfere with their day-to-day activities, limit their occupation chances or interrupt the joy and duties of household life as the quotation mark below suggested: ( 13 ) The people with arthritic arthritis ( RA ) have been described as a ‘tightrope between freedom and a life sentence ‘ . ( 14 ) — Maycock, 1988. There are about 20000 new instances of arthritic arthritis in UK every twelvemonth and there are around 400000 grownups in the UK with this disease. From an economic point of view, this brings economic impact on the people today as the life cost presents is high and if they lost the occupation due to inability to travel around easy so their life disbursals including their medicine cost will be a large job for them. The transit fees to hospital on a regular basis, holding food markets delivered and the demand to purchase particular apparels and places add disbursals to their life cost. Extra money is besides spent on the complementary intervention and auxiliary merchandises. ( 15 ) â€Å" If other members are acquiring sick, they may desire to pull resources off from the arthritic arthritis patient. † — Alan Mozes ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp? articlekey=116607 ) When there is a pick needed to be made, RA patients in a household will be given up doing them non be able to go on their intervention as the quotation mark above shown. Figure: Age-specific mortality rates ( per 100,000 ) for adult females with arthritic arthritis in 2009 hypertext transfer protocol: //arthritis-research.com/content/11/3/229/figure/F3? highres=y The mortality rate has non decreased steadily over the past 30 old ages. I think authorities should take this affair earnestly and take some stairss to turn this status better. Here, I unfeignedly hope that authorities can be financially stable and subsidy for those hapless patients who are non low-cost to travel through the intervention to the full. This could take down the mortality rate for arthritic arthritis patients. Benefits and Hazards I think the displacement to sing DMARDs as the new front line intervention is rather good as it may cut down the demand for other medicines as the quotation mark shown below: A DMARD may besides profit the patient by cut downing the demand for other medicines, e.g. corticoids and NSAIDs, which may hold a greater potency for toxicity than the DMARD. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //medsafe.govt.nz/profs/PUarticles/dmards.htm ) This may cut down the intervention cost and increase the efficaciousness at the same clip. Methotrexate ( MTX ) has been shown to be the most effectual drug used in decelerating down the patterned advance rate of the eroding and devastation of the joint compared to the others DMARDs as the abstract below shown: ( 16 ) Methotrexate outperformed other DMARDs in a meta-analysis of surveies comparing efficaciousness with toxicity, and more patients remained on amethopterin after five old ages than on other DMARDs. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //medsafe.govt.nz/profs/PUarticles/dmards.htm ) Besides, in footings of long periods, it has been shown to be safe and even can be applied on kids. ( 17 ) Normally the good effects from these agents merely last for a few old ages so I suggest that a good planning or scheme of utilizing them consecutive or even in combination is needed. However, several possible inauspicious reactions are at that place which needed to be taken attention of including timeserving infections, oral cavity ulcers and tummy jobs. Figure: Opportunist infections caused by Etanercept and Infliximab ( DMARDs ) hypertext transfer protocol: //images.google.com.sg/ Other than this, liver harm is another side consequence of this drug if this drug is taken orally every twenty-four hours. Alternatively of making so, from my point of position, the drug should be taken intermittently one time a hebdomad so the liver has adequate clip to retrieve. The existent status is nevertheless, the benefits of taking the drugs outweigh its hazards. So, I think this intervention should still go on but at the same clip, the patients who are taking the drugs need to be monitored on a regular basis. Some steps can be taken such as taking folic acid to cut down the side consequence of amethopterin as many beginnings have suggested. The usage of folic acid with the drug is used to cut down side effects. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.arthritis.co.za/dmard.html ) Alternate Solutions Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs ( NSAIDs ) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory are besides known as ‘first line ‘ medicine in the instance of RA. Examples of drugs including acetylsalicylate ( acetylsalicylic acid ) , ibuprofen ( Advil, Medipren, Motrin ) and etodolac ( Lodine ) . I choose NSAIDs as an alternate solution because they can cut down the symptoms and thereby bettering maps. However, these drugs entirely do non alter the class of the disease or prevent joint devastation. ( 18 ) There are two chief types of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory: selective and non-selective. They work by suppressing enzymes, called Cox, COX-1 and COX-2 which participate in the production of prostaglandins. Even though the prostaglandins cause redness and hurting but they besides have critical functions in care of normal organic structure maps. So, the COX-2 inhibitors act by selectively block the prostaglandins produced through the COX-2 which have involved in redness. ( 19 ) Since the drugs merely aim to cut down the hurting and pu ffiness, so I suggest that they need to be combined with the other agents in DMARDs to do certain the disease is under control. Surgery Another sensible attack that I suggest is to transport out surgery. Its primary intent is to cut down hurting, better the affected articulation ‘s map, and better the patient ‘s ability to execute day-to-day activities. However, from my point of position, a surgery is merely carried out when the medicine can non repair the structural harm or the disease does non react to the physical therapy. As any surgery is serious and involves complications, it is normally delayed until it is necessary. Furthermore, surgical intervention may non be an option for all of the affected articulations. ( 20 ) There are plentifulness of factors need to be considered such as the patient ‘s overall wellness, the status of the joint or sinew that will be operated on, and the ground for, every bit good as the hazards and benefits of, the surgical process. Cost may be another factor. Surgery picks: Choices Functions Finger and manus surgeries To rectify joint jobs in the manus. Arthroscopy To take dust or inflamed tissue in a joint through a little lit instrument. Synovectomy To take inflamed joint tissue. Arthroplasty To replace portion or all of a joint in the hip or articulatio genus. Cervical spinal merger To handle terrible cervix hurting and nervus jobs. Resection of metatarsal caputs To take distorted bone in the pess. Figure: The articulatio genus cap and the damaged portion are removed and the bipartite prosthetic device, which is normally metal is implanted during surgery as the diagram shown. hypertext transfer protocol: //arthritis.about.com/od/rheumatoidarthritis/ss/pictures_photos_6.htm Evaluation Kate Lorig, the writer of the book The Arthritis Helpbook, who is besides the Director of the Stanford Patient Education Research Center and Professor of Medicine in the Stanford School of Medicine. She is a really reputable research worker in the field of developing self-management classs for patients with chronic diseases and she had published several books sing this rubric. So, I think there would be no biased in the fact that stated in the book about the intervention of DMARDs drugs should be commenced every bit early as possible which is besides supported by the quotation mark from the article of the web site lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.medscape.com/viewarticle/406508_5 gt ; : The current intervention scheme hence involves the early usage of DMARDs to restrict joint harm and preserve map. Methotrexate is proved to be more effectual when used in combination with other drugs such as Infliximab or Etanercept than itself entirely from the web site lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //arthritis.about.com/cs/mtx/a/mtx.htm gt ; . This beginning is said to be dependable as many other beginnings agree with this statement every bit good such as the web site lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/74289.php gt ; and the undermentioned infusion: Study leader Dr Cornelia F. Allaart commented: â€Å" Our findings indicate that clinical remittal from RA is accomplishable provided effectual intervention – such as the Remicade amethopterin combination we used in the 4th arm of this survey – is administered early in the class of the disease. † Besides, the informations collected was at EULAR 2007, the Annual European Congress of Rheumatology in Barcelona, Spain. The European League against Rheumatism ( EULAR ) , which is a trustable organisation that represents the patient, wellness professional and scientific societies of rheumatology of all the European states. This statement is besides supported by the abstract: The efficaciousness of combination therapy with a biological agent is superior to methotrexate monotherapy for remittal. from the web site lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //ard.bmj.com/content/69/7/1298.abstract gt ; . How to cite Rheumatoid Arthritis The Problem Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Why to Visit Japan free essay sample

Why Japan is a Good Place to Visit Have you ever wanted to go to the beach, climb a mountain, visit a temple, and soak in a hot spring in the same day? You can do all of those things in Japan! The islands may only be 145,883 square miles, but there sure is a lot to do there. Japan is a very wonderful place to visit with people who are very hospitable. In Japan it is very beautiful, they are financially stable and well educated, and they have tons of cultural history. Japan has geological features that make the island very beautiful. Although the bigger cities such as, Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, and Sapporo are full of technology and people hustling around, there are many peaceful places of Japans countryside. 71 percent of Japan is mountainous and there are places that you can hike on them. If you are daring enough you could climb Mt. We will write a custom essay sample on Why to Visit Japan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Fuji, Japans highest point at 12,385 feet tall. If you are planning on staying in Japan for a while you could visit all eight islands. The summer in the northern islands is warm compared to the hot humid summers of the southern islands. I would recommend going to the southern islands in the winter because they are very mild with little snowfall. In the north they have long cold winters with heavy snowfall. Japan has beautiful gardens that the Japanese people work very hard on making and value highly as a sense of art and enlightenment. If you aren’t planning on going to Japan to enjoy the land, and you want to come for a luxurious or scholarly trip Japan can still do that. Many college students come to Japan to do their schooling. That isn’t very surprising considering Japan’s literacy rate is at an amazing 99 percent! Japanese is the main, and basically the only, language spoken in Japan. Japanese government is a parliamentary government with a constitutional monarchy. That means that the power of the Emperor is limited. Japan gained independence in 1947. One dollar in the United States converts to 124 Japanese yen. That’s quite a bit because a night at a hotel costs about 2,900-7,600 yen. When travelers go to Japan I’m sure they have no problem getting service for their cell phones. For the 126,804,433 people that live in Japan there are 107,339,000 cell phones. It will be easy to book a flight to Japan when they have 174 airports for the eight small islands that make up the country! If you aren’t convinced to come to Japan yet, you will be when you learn about the great culture and history they have. If you are planning on going on vacation to an Asian country, I highly recommend going to Japan. There is so much to do there on each of the islands!

The First World War Had Many Causes; The Historians Probably Have Not

The First World War had many causes; the historians probably have not yet discovered and discussed all of them so there might be more causes than what we know now. The spark of the Great War was the assassination of the Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, and his wife by a Serbian nationalist on the morning of June 28, 1914, while traveling in a motorcade through Sarajevo, the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Archduke was chosen as a target because Serbians feared that after his ascension to the throne, he would continue the persecution of Serbs living within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The Serbian terrorist organization, the Black Hand, had trained a small group of teenage operatives to infiltrate Bosnia and carry out the assassination of the Archduke. It is unclear how officially active the Serbian government was in the plot. However, it was uncovered years later that the leader of the Black Hand was also the head of Serbian military intelligence. In order to understand the complexity of the causes of the war, it is very helpful to know what was the opinion of the contemporaries about the causes of the Great War. In the reprint of the article "What Started the War", from August 17, 1915 issue of The Clock magazine published on the Internet the author writes: "It is thought that this war that is been ongoing for over a year, began with the assassination of the Archduke Francis Ferdinand. However, many other reasons led to this war, some occurring as far back the late 1800's. Nationalism, militarism, imperialism, and the system of alliances were four main factors that pressed the great powers towards this explosive war." According to the article above, the author stresses that the nationalism was one of the primary causes of the war. In the ninetieth and twentieth centuries, especially after the French Revolution nationalism was becoming a powerful force in Europe so people that had the same culture, language wanted their own country. And that was the problem for the government of Austria-Hungary that did not want to lose their power and control. The Slavs in the southern part of the empire were their main concern since they wanted to join up to Serbia. Militarism is the second cause according to the article above, which comes after the nationalism. To understand what the author means by militarism one should be familiar with the situation of the world in the beginning of the century, which was the result of both industrial and democratic revolutions. Britain at that time was the largest empire in the world, and it also had the largest navy. The navy was so big and strong because the Britons needed to protect their empire and maintain the sea routes between the different colonies. The Kaiser William II of Germany hated and envied Britain for having a stronger navy than his. He increased the German navy and built many warships. Britain responded with building more ships and increasing its navy too. This started a race for building more and better warships and it created tension and competition between those two countries. Imperialism and the system of alliances are the last two major causes of the War. There was a quarrel between France and Germany about controlling the colonies, and especially Morocco, which leads to a greater conflict, the Great War. Europe at that time was divided into two rival alliance systems: Triple Entente that included Great Britain, France, and Russia and the Triple Alliance, which included the Central Powers of Austria-Hungary, Germany, and eventually the Ottoman Turkish Empire. Austria-Hungary must take a large proportion of any blame for the outbreak of war in 1914. The reason for Germany's part in the causes involves Germany's "blank Check" policy. Before sending its ultimatum to Serbia, Austria needed to be sure of the support of its ally, Germany. Such support was forthcoming in the form of a telegram to the Emperor Franz Joseph on 6 July 1914. The telegram has become known to history as the "Blank Check". In order to balance the power, France and Russia signed an alliance. Russia saw itself as the 'protector of Slavs' in the war, and immediately mobilized. When the war began, the German decision that if they were going to have to fight Russia and France, they would strike at France first according to its Schlieffen Plan, and then turn West to Russia. Germans believed that Russia at the time was unprepared for war, and that it will take a long time for Russia to mobilize its army. On July 28,

Theories of Communication, Advertising Persuasion

Theories of Communication, Advertising Persuasion Increased market competition, high levels of customer expectations, and the need to attract new customers have compelled organizations to invest large amounts of capital in advertising. In the modern capitalist markets, advertising plays an integral role in creating product awareness. In other words, advertising acts as an informative and persuasive marketing tool.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Theories of Communication, Advertising Persuasion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Drawing from its definition, advertising can be defined as a promotional tool which enhances communication between the producer and the buyer. Through a communication channel, an advertiser can relay a message to the targeted end receiver. Advertising has the capacity to motivate consumers to buy a particular product or service. There are different ways through which an advertiser can pass a message to the consumers. Some of the media outlets used in advertising include social media networks like twitter and Facebook, TV adverts, print media (newspapers, magazines, journals and catalogs), radio, billboards and sideshows, and commercial displays. Depending on the message being communicated, advertising can attract or push customers away. The objective of the essay is to critically evaluate the role of advertising in the creation of markets, communities and social identities. Moreover, the essay endevours to determine whether advertisements reflect consumer demand for products or whether they aid in the creation of specific subject positions which attract consumers to the products. To analyse these objectives, the Apple brand been adopted. This particular choice is necessary in order to emphasize the role played by advertising. Role of advertising in the creation of markets, communities and social identities Advertising can be described as a form of communication aimed at persuading the targeted audience to purchase a par ticular product or service (Moriarty, Mitchell Wells, 2009a). The major objective of advertising is to inform, persuade and convince a consumer on the benefits of a particular service or product. Advertising enables marketers to realize brand awareness, gain market share and attract potential customers. Based on the above description of advertising, it is important to note that advertising plays an important role in the creation of markets. For instance, advertisements bring about product differentiation which acts as a competitive advantage relative to competitor products (Moriarty et al. 2009). With reference to Apple, the company has managed to create a strong brand through advertising.Advertising Looking for essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Through the â€Å"Think Different† campaign carried out in 1990s as well as the â€Å"iPod People† campaign conducted in the 2000s, the com pany has managed to differentiate itself from its competitors. This has been achieved through advertising which has helped to create brand awareness and brand recognition (Armstrong Porter, 2007). Since then, Apple has remained as a strong brand with an established market. Over the years, customers have continued to associate themselves with Apple because they were persuaded by the company’s initial adverts. The adverts helped the company to create brand awareness, and brand recognition. Above all, it led to market differentiation. According to Tellis (2005), past research show that advertising is a powerful promotional tool applied by marketers to create market share. In addition, it is used to target a particular consumer segment in the market. Through advertising, the targeted segment is communicated, persuaded and informed about a given brand and the benefits associated with that particular brand. As a promotional tool, advertising is used as â€Å"an important source o f information that promotes competition† (Armstrong Porter, 2007, p. 1718). As such, organizations use advertising as a way of providing information to potential consumers in a given market segment. Informative content is communicated to the consumer. The communicated message entails the price, the function, or the existence of the product in the market (Armstrong Porter, 2007). Consequently, this stimulates the desire by a consumer to purchase a particular brand such as. For instance, the words â€Å"Think Different† as used by Apple have a strong message towards the consumer as they compel him/her to start thinking differently when contemplating on purchasing Apple products. In addition, since Apple is a strong brand, consumers can associate themselves with that particular brand because of the benefits associated with the use of the product. Organizations use advertising as a way of creating social identities. By social identity, we mean that advertisements have an impact on particular group(s) in the market which shares similar beliefs, values and norms (Zeng, Huang Dou, 2009). Primarily, consumers can identify with a specific group.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Theories of Communication, Advertising Persuasion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Morairty et al (2009a), the main goal of an advertising campaign is to reach a large group of individuals interested in a particular product. In addition, the targeted people share the same beliefs, norms and values. With respect to Apple brand, the company used the words â€Å"I’m a Mac, I’m a PC† in the â€Å"Get a Mac† campaign. Through the use of such advertising characters, Apple was able to persuade consumers to purchase their Mac product. The campaign which lasted for four years was able to create social identity. For instance, it made likeminded consumers start believing in Mac inste ad of the ordinary PC. Due to its unique qualities and features, consumers were able to associate with the product. The Mac, which was part of the computer revolution in terms of software and hardware, emerged as a strong brand. This enabled Apple to sell millions of Mac pieces to consumers who shared social identities. For example, Mac Campaign portrayed its products as modern and effective. This helped to differentiate the product from PCs that tend to be time bound. Advertising influences and shapes the beliefs, behaviour and attitudes of consumers towards a particular brand (Morairty et al., 2009a). In addition, adverts motivate, persuade and convinced consumers. Consequently, a consumer is able to develop brand preference and taste. Preferences compel consumers to buy a particular brand. For instances, companies make use of celebrities as part of their promotional campaigns in order change the beliefs, behaviour and attitude of consumers towards a particular brand (Morairty et al., 2009). The celebrities or endorsed personalities have a respected opinion and are highly ranked and respected in the society. In addition, followers of these celebrities and highly respected opinion leaders have an attachment with their fans and followers. For example, the iPod advertising conducted by Apple used dark silhouettes dancing to music. The silhouettes had iPods and were believed to listen to iTunes. The advert featured music celebrities such as Eminem, U2, CSS, and Bob Dylan, among others. In this case, the celebrities shared similar beliefs with the targeted consumers (the value for music). In addition, the celebrities were used to influence the behavior and attitude on consumers towards the iPod. This enabled the company to attract the fans that associate themselves with the celebrities to purchase iPod and belong to the same community or group.Advertising Looking for essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As mentioned in the paragraph above, advertising plays an important role in creating communities. In the context of marketing, a community can be described as a group of persons (consumers) who associate themselves with a particular brand. This kind of grouping shares different beliefs and ideas. According to O’Shaughnessy and Stadler (2008), the media is able to develop ideologies towards the targeted audience or viewer. An ideology is a set of feelings, beliefs, ideas, and social values which represent the way of life of a certain group of people (O’Shaughnessy Stadler, 2008). Advertising acts as a unifying factor which brings people together because they believe in that particular brand (Morairty et al., 2009a). A well promoted brand is able to communicate to the targeted consumers thus creating social identities which hold communities together. With respect to Apple, the â€Å"Switch campaign† was carried in 2002 to create a community of consumers with the same social identities. This was aimed at attracting Microsoft windows users so that they could switch to Mac. The Apple Switch advert managed to create a community that shared the same social identity. Creation of community has been achieved in the current adverts featuring iPhones which target consumer who like innovative and stylish products. Advertisements enable organizations to use commodified celebrities in a bid to attract consumers and influence them in joining some sort of a â€Å"tribe† (Ilmonen, 2004). This makes the associated goods part of our internal social world. According to (Ilmonen, 2004), consumers have the tendency to get attached to products after getting an instant endowment effect. The aim of advertisers is to create a specific meaning for a brand. However, consumers interpret the communicated message in diverse and varied ways (Elliot Wattanasuwan, 1998). Based on personal perceptions, a consumer can create meaning which influences his/her purchasin g patterns and trends. According to the social theory, human beings associate themselves with a particular group, society or culture. Eventually, this becomes a way of life (Wattanasuwan, 2005). In this context, consumers tend to identify themselves with a social group or identity in which they belong. In other words, they develop symbolic consumption which is based on preferences realized through advertising. Therefore, advertising helps to create imagined communities. As noted by Wattanasuwan (2005) we tend to consume different products â€Å"that contribute to the symbolic means of self-identification, through which we align ourselves emotionally with those, sharing our lifestyles† (p.182). This implies that as consumers we tend to identify ourselves with particular produces thus creating self-identification and communities. For example, through the consumption of brand Apple, consumers are able to identify themselves with elite group and gain a sense of belonging. The adv ertisements carried on Mac Campaign to promote Macintosh computers influences and motivates consumers to purchase the products and belong to Macintosh tribe. Therefore, common consumption create a group self (Wattanasuwan, 2005). Advertisements, consumers demand and subject positioning Advertising helps in the development, sustenance and promotion of consumer demand towards the products of an organization. However, advertisement does not reflect consumer demand. This observation has been expounded by Armstrong and Porter (2007), who opines that advertising usually result in shifted consumer demand in preference for the advertised product. In this case, advertising distorts the consumer’s decision making process instead of reflecting the true preferences of the consumer captured in the demand prior advertising. Advertisements are used to persuade consumers to purchase a particular commodity not because they like it but because they have been convinced otherwise. Based on this explanation, it can be noted that advertisements create subject positions through which consumers are invited to purchase a product. For example, Apple used the advertisement â€Å"Why You’ll Love Mac† to differentiate itself from other PC computer brands but not to consumer demand for this particular product. Advertisements enabled Apple to position its Macintosh computers in the market. In addition, advertisements acted as a way of inviting potential consumers to purchase the product. Powell, Hardy, Hawkin and MacRury (2009) add that advertisements are carried out with a view to reaching out to new market segments. This is aimed at attracting customers. This means that instead of reflecting the demand of customers, advertisements are designed to invite new customers. For example, iTunes and iPods advertisements were intended to attract the young urban population. Advertising is used to create brand awareness and develop a reputation for a particular brand in a given pool of consumers. According to Morairty et al. (2009), advertisements are used to influence consumer behaviour and attitude. In addition, they assist in positioning an organization, idea, service or a product with the objective of building a strong brand. In other words, advertising is a mode of communication used in marketing to reach consumers and influence their purchasing behaviours and make informed choices needed for decision making. For example, Apple uses its advertisements while launching products with the aim of influencing consumers’ purchasing patterns and behaviours. This motivates customers to change their preferences and purchase iPhones instead of buying competitor products like the Samsung Galaxy. By creating brand awareness and brand equity, advertisements help to position a product in the market and invite the targeted groups. Armstrong and Porter (2007) note that advertisements are persuasive and informative in nature and influence the decision making of a buyer towards the purchase of a product. For instance, when advertisements provide information on the price and quality of a product, this is an opportunity for the customer to compare different brands and make the ultimate choice to purchase a certain product. Conclusion Based on the analysis, advertising is a promotional tool used in marketing to create markets, communities, and social identities. Advertising is also used to create brand awareness and persuade consumers to purchase a product or service. Consequently, this creates a market for a specific brand. Through brand differentiation, advertising assist in creating a market share, communities and social identities. Brand awareness and brand recognitions drive consumers to develop the need to be associated with a particular group or community. People with similar beliefs and norms are persuaded through advertising to buy a given product or service. This helps to mould brand preferences. By endorsing celebrities or personali ties companies develop consumer attachment to a given brand, thereby creating a community or group with shared beliefs. Advertising is a unifying factor which brings like-minded people together through product purchase. For example, the Apple brand has over the years been used to develop the Mac tribe or society. Owing to advertisements, consumers tend to identify themselves with a certain brand, thus creating a group or community. Advertisements do not reflect consumer demand but are indicative of the positioning of a product in the market. They are used to persuade and influence consumers’ purchasing behaviour, patterns and decision making process. They are used to develop brand reputation which changes the demands and preferences of customers. Reference List Armstrong, M., Porter, R. (2007). Handbook of industrial organization: Amsterdam: Elsevier. Elliot, R., Wattanasuwan, K. (1998). Brands as symbolic resources for the construction of identity. International Journal of Advertising, 17(2), 1-8. Ilmonen, K. (2004). The use of and commitment to goods. Journal of Consumer Culture, 4(1): 27–50. Moriarty, S. E., Mitchell, N., Wells, W. (2009). Brands and advertising contribution. In Moriarty, S. E et al, Advertising: Principles practice (102-113). New Jersey, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall. Moriarty, S. E., Mitchell, N., Wells, W. (2009a). Introduction to advertising. In Moriarty, S. E et al, Advertising: Principles practice (2-13). New Jersey, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall. O’Shaughnessy, M., Stadler, J. (2008). Media and the society: Defining discourse and ideology. Australia and New Zealand, NZ: Oxford University Press. Powell, H., Hardy, J., Hawkin, S., MacRury, I. (2009). The advertising handbook. New York, NY: Routledge. Tellis, G. J. (2005). Advertising’s role in capitalist markets: What do we know and where do we go from here?. Journal of Advertising Research, 45(2), 1-9. Wattanasuwan, K. (2005). The self and symbolic consum ption. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge. 179-184. Zeng, F., Huang, L., Dou, W. (2009). Social factors in user perceptions and responses to advertising in online social networking communities. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 10(1), 121-130.

Best Day Essay Example for Free

Best Day Essay Choose cite format: APA MLA Harvard Chicago ASA IEEE AMA company About StudyMoose Contact Careers Help Center Donate a Paper Legal Terms & Conditions Privacy Policy Complaints Have you ever felt the emotion when you are going to see your favorite band or singer alive in a concert. This happened to me when I went to Sofia last year to see one of my favorite singers Enrique Iglesias. It was fantastic experience that I will never forget. The day was near, it was ten days befor the concert, and every day I asked my father for permission and money. One day he finally said â€Å"yes†, and he gave me the money. He told me that it was the gift for my birthday. I was so happy and immediately called my friend to tell her about the news. The next day we bought our tickets and we were waiting for the big day.We couldn’t believe that we would be in the most waited concert on September 29th , we never thought that in few hours, we would sing all the song of our favorite singer. When we arrived,we sat in the chairs, and we were waiting for Enrique. The lights turned off and all the auditory screamed like they were crazy. The orchestra began to play one of my favorite songs. The best singer appeared in the scene. That moment was so awesome and exciting for me, and everyone was all of the songs. In conclusion, I will tell tha, the concert was a big experience for me and I was so happy. At the end, we bought some souvenirs from the concert, like a shirt, some posters and a cup. The concert finished at 12 p.m. and we came back to our town with an experience that I will never forget. I will remember this moment as if it had been yesterday. Best Day. (2017, Feb 27).

Human resource - service industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Human resource - service industry - Essay Example The airline company, which has been chosen to structure this report, is the British Airways. It is one of the world's leading scheduled international passenger and cargo airlines catering to about 300 destinations across the world. ("Annual Report of British Airways", 2008). According to the International Air Transport Association the airline industry, lost up to $8 billion in the year 2008 which surpassed previously forecasted amount. The marketing environment is constantly changing and with every change the industry gets affected. The demand for airline industry is highly income elastic ("An analysis of British Airways Marketing Environment", 2008). Thus the rise in fuel price last year and the recent economic turmoil has affected the airlines industry in a huge way as passengers are avoiding more expensive travels. According to a report by Air Transport Association (ATA), the revenue generated from passenger travels for all airlines fell by 19% during the month of February, 2009 when compared to February 2008. The company saw a decline in 8.6 percent in premium traffic and 4.1 percent in non premium. ("Lucrative Business class air travel hit by crisis", 2009). Thus the situation within the company is not showing encouraging signs. In such operating e nvironment the company is applying reactive strategies by planning to cut down on employees. It has to be remembered that British Airways is formed by the collaboration of two state owned airlines. As a result the company previously lacked in any focused Human Resource Management policy. The significant changes took place when Lord King was appointed as the chairman of the company in the year 1981, and he was quick to identify the low employee moral that was present within the organization. The company's core values lies with the quality of customer service they provide which is attached to its brand. Given this operating environment in the industry, the company needs to incorporate concentrated human resource management policies into their revival strategy. This is because of the fact that, in the case of industries like this industry, where the most of the employees are coming in direct contact with the customers the level of employee motivation required is very high. The way in w hich the employees are being treated and compensated will reflect the effectiveness of value proposition being delivered to the customers. British Airways was formed by the merger of British European Airways and British Overseas Airways Corporation in the year 1974. (Lundy, Cowling, 1996). As both of the merging airlines were state owned the merger resulted in the overstaffing (more than 50 thousand) of the new enterprise and also there were evident management related issues within the organization. In the year 1980 the management style of the company was bureaucratic in nature containing many layers of hierarchical management. (Lundy, Cowling, 1996). At that time less importance were given in the qualitative aspects like employee relation, customer loyalty etc. Focuses were more given on the operational aspects but till then the company was incurring heavy losses. The significant